A Volunteer Program

Introduction

Basic Terms and Concepts of Philosophy

• Absolute
• Relative
• Subjective and Objective
• Subject and predicate Terms
• A Priori
• A posteriori
• Analytic propositions
• Synthetic propositions
• Personal God
• Impersonal God
• Existence
• Essence
• Ontology
• Teleology
• Omniscient
• Omnipotent
• Theism
• Atheism
• Agnosticism
• Historical Materialism
• Dialectical Materialism
• Monism
• Dualism

Pre Socratic-Philosophers

• Thales ( to BC)
• Parmenides ( BC)
• Pythagoras ( to BC)
• Zeno ( to BC)
• Zeno’s Paradox

Pre-Socratic Philosophies

• Milesian Philosophy
• Pythagoreanism (- BCE)
• Eleatic school
• Sophism ( to BC)

Socrates

• Biography
• Dialectics
• Apology

Plato

• Socrates and Plato
• Dialogues of Plato
• Intro to Idealism
• Allegory of the Cave
• Arms Chair Philosophy
• Plato’s Philosophy
• Plato’s Republic

Aristotle

• Biography
• Invention of Logic
• Deductive Logic
• Inductive Logic
• Intro to Metaphysics
• Properties of Elements
• Aristotle’s Philosophy
• Medieval Philosophy

Introduction

• Scholasticism
• Christian Philosophy
• Formation of Branches
• Theology
• Metaphysics
• Natural Philosophy
• Logic
• Ethics

Muslim Philosophy

• Peripatetic Arabic School
• Philosophy of History
• Medieval plus Muslim Philosophy
• Prominent Muslim Philosophers
• Abu Yaqoob Al-Kindi
• Al-Farabi (Alpharabius)
• Avicenna
• Al-Ghazal
• Ghazali’s Argument,
• Averroes

Modern Western Philosophy

• Rene Descartes
• Sir Isaac Newton
• Gottfried Leibniz
• George Berkeley
• David Hume
• Immanuel Kant
• W.F Hegel
• Hegel develops,
• Charles Darwin
• Karl Marx
• Sigmund Freud

Rationalism and Empiricism

• Empiricism

Idealism and Materialism

• Subjective Reality
• Objective Reality
• Idealism
• Modern Idealism
• Materialism
• Existentialism
• Main beliefs
• Alienation
• Absurdity
• Difference between existentialism and Nihilism
• Evolution of existentialism

Marxism

• Introduction
• The issue of private ownership
• The Theory of Conflict
• Denial of the Existence of God
• Dialectical Materialism
• Communism
• Assignment

Branches of Philosophy

• Epistemology
• Metaphysics
• Ethics
• The Logic
• Philosophy of science
• Philosophy of Religion

Introduction to Logic

• Introduction
• Argument
• Statement
• Subject term
• Predicate Term
• Middle Term
• Premise
• Proposition
• Turnstile
• Conclusion
• Branches of Logic
• Deductive Logic:
• Particular:
• Negative proposition:
• Affirmative proposition:
• Formal and Material Truth
• Syllogism
• Categorical Syllogism
• Hypothetical Syllogism
• Disjunctive Syllogism
• Mathematical Syllogism
• Inductive Logic
• A prediction
• Argument from analogy
• Generalization
• Argument from Authority
• Argument based on signs
• Causal Inference
• Fallacies
• Advanced Logic

Introduction to Fallacies

• Formal Fallacies
• Affirming the Consequent
• Appeal to Probability
• Argument From Fallacy
• Conjunction Fallacy
• Masked-man fallacy
• Affirming a Disjunct
• Fallacy of Inverse
• Existential Fallacy
• Informal Fallacies
• Ad Hominem
• Bandwagon
• Red Herring
• Appeal to Pity
• Slippery Slope
• Missing the Point
• Accident
• Appeal to Unqualified Authority